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Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Vol. 21 Issue 6, 878-882
Copyright © 2009 by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians
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Case Reports

Coinfection of a cow with Bovine leukemia virus and Mycobacterium bovis

Scott D. Fitzgerald1, Dodd G. Sledge, Roger Maes, Annabel Wise and Matti Kiupel

Correspondence: 1Corresponding Author: Scott Fitzgerald, 152-F Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, 4125 Beaumont Road, Lansing, MI 48910-8107. Fitzgerald{at}dcpah.msu.edu

Bovine leukosis associated with infection with the delta retrovirus Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is endemic in many cattle herds in the United States. Infection has been associated with immunosuppression and decreased productivity. Cases of tuberculosis in cows due to infection with Mycobacterium bovis reemerged in Michigan in 1998, and despite intensive eradication attempts, new cases of bovine tuberculosis are sporadically identified. The present report details a coinfection with BLV and M. bovis in a Holstein cow from Michigan that presented as part of a bovine tuberculosis screening program. Peripheral and visceral lymph nodes of this animal were markedly enlarged, homogeneously pale white, and bulged on the cut surface. The submandibular, mesenteric, and caudal mediastinal lymph nodes contained multifocal to coalescing caseogranulomas that ranged from 1 to 5 cm in diameter. Histologically, dense sheets of monomorphic populations of neoplastic lymphocytes obliterated the normal architecture of all lymph nodes. Caseogranulomas were characterized by central pools of amorphous degenerate eosinophilic and occasionally mineralized granular debris surrounded by thick rims of epithelioid macrophages, occasional Langhan's type giant cells, and fibrosis. Polymerase chain reaction assay was positive for BLV. Cultures of affected lymph nodes yielded growth of M. bovis.

Key Words: Bovine leukemia virus • bovine tuberculosis • cows • Mycobacterium bovis






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